This is one of the famous simbol of Russia - St. Basil's cathedral. Its colorful onion domes are instantly recognizable around the world as emblems of Moscow and the Russian Church.
It was commissioned by Ivan the Terrible and built between 1534 and 1561 in Moscow to commemorate the capture of Kazan.
Legend says Ivan had the architect, Postnik Yakovlev blinded to prevent him from building a more magnificent building for anyone else. However, this is probably a myth, as Postnik designed the northeast chapel of St. Basil's years later, in 1588.